Surface and Bad Blocks check of Hard Disk on Unix

1. unmount the device you want to check

umount /dev/sda1

2. search the device for bad blocks

# -s: show the progress of the scan
# -v: verbose mode

badblocks -sv /dev/sda1

--
create a filesystem that excludes the badblocks which have been checked

mke2fs -c /dev/sda1